Most people lose their teeth throughout their lives. There are many reasons for this: improper oral care, unfavorable external environment, untreated diseases in time. Even the absence of one tooth brings a person inconvenience, because the load is transferred to the neighboring ones, which causes their displacement and worsens the condition. The best way to eliminate the problem of lost teeth is implantation.
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What is dental implantation?
An operation during which the tooth root is replaced with an artificial implant made of titanium or zirconium is called implantation. Such an implant will support the prosthesis or crown.
The implantation procedure in the arsenal of dentistry entered relatively recently. In the early fifties, attempts were made to put implants. However, it was not until the seventieth year that the first cylindrical implant was installed, imitating the root.
Indications and contraindications
Dentist, based on patient history and examination determines indications and contraindications for implantation of teeth.
Indications and video to them:
- a single defect in the dentition with healthy adjacent teeth that will not need to be ground;
- the absence of two or three teeth in a row. In this case, the preparation of adjacent teeth is also not required;
- with the loss of the last in the series of teeth. For other types of prosthetics, this defect is difficult. For an implant, the presence of a number of teeth does not matter;
- complete absence of teeth. In this case, prostheses that are supported by implants or more stable fastenings are shown. removable dentures. If the patient is not morally ready to remove the prosthesis from the mouth, it is better to use dental implantation;
- in case of hypersensitivity to the main component dental removable dentures (acrylate) or gag reflex. That is, the patient cannot wear a removable prosthesis, which means that the choice should be stopped on implantation.
Contraindications:
Compared with the installation of a prosthesis, the contraindications for implantation are much greater.
Relative contraindications:
- acute and subacute forms of periodontitis;
- increased tooth wear;
- malocclusion;
- bruxism (gnashing of teeth);
- anatomical features of the jaw structure, which exclude the possibility of surgical intervention. For example, not erupted teeth or bone atrophy;
- the presence of artificial implants in other parts of the body (heart valves, artificial joints, screws, pacemakers, etc.);
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding are temporary contraindications for dental implants.
Absolute contraindications:
- blood disorders;
- diabetes;
- chronic oral diseases;
- lesions of the musculoskeletal system, which reduce the regenerative capacity of the body;
- lesions of the peripheral and central nervous system;
- chronic diseases (tuberculosis, rheumatism and others).
Stages of dental implantation video
- Estimated body condition. The dentist examines the patient, identifying contraindications and possible complications. To do this, analyzes are made, the results of which determined by the presence or absence of contraindicated for the implantation of diseases. Attention is paid to both the oral cavity and the body as a whole.
- The oral cavity is prepared for implantation. Treat bad teeth and gum, replaced the old crowns.
- A plan for implantation is being developed, an orthopantomogram (panoramic image) and 3D computed tomography are made. With the help of these images, problems of intra-gingival and maxillary tissues are revealed. For example, cysts and granulomas. Without special examinations they are difficult to detect. Also in the pictures determines the size and quality of bone tissueand it is decided how and where the implant will be installed.
- An implant installation operation is in progress. Anesthesia is performed using anesthesia. The mucous membrane leans back and into the bone, first with a small drill, an experimental hole is made. Gradually, the hole increases to the size of the screw. Implants have an internal thread into which a small screw is inserted. Stitches are applied to the mucosa.
- Installation can take up to several hours. It depends on the type of implant and the method of the installation itself. Implant survives from several months to a year. However, thanks to new methods, this period may be reduced to several days.
- The procedure for installing the implant can be viewed on the video.
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An abutment is installed, which is a special element on which the prosthesis will be attached in the future. It is fastened as the prosthesis will be installed. That is, the size of the abutment and its angle of installation must fit the specific jaw. Installation, which can be viewed on the video, takes a few minutes. Approximately two weeks before this procedure, after implant implantation, put the shaper gums, and only then in its place is abatmen. - For the manufacture of the prosthesis with both jaws, an impression is made by which a crown or bridge is made (the manufacturing process can be seen on video). The color of the artificial tooth is selected. Together with the manufacture of the prosthesis, the entire procedure of prosthetics lasts only a few hours. Immediately after installation, you can chew food without fear.
All stages of the operation can be viewed on the video on our website.
Possible complications
- swelling;
- soreness;
- bleeding;
- temperature rise;
- inflammation around the implant and tissue divergence (rarely found).
After reading the article and watching the video, we can conclude that the operation to install implants not so painful and scaryas most patients think. In addition, implant manufacturers promise that their lifespan is twenty, and sometimes fifty years. The important factors here are the individual characteristics of the patient and the correctly planned operation.
Good oral hygiene is another factor in the longevity of implants. About a year after surgery you can accurately determine the quality of the resultsince the bones will heal in that time. If during this period there were no problems, it means that the work was done at the highest level.
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