Often, on examination, doctors conclude that there is a geographical child's tongue. So called a specific disease that affects the mucous membrane of the tongue and is characterized by an inflammatory and dystrophic process. This disease occurs in children quite often and in some cases, even since the birth of a child.
As you can see, the disease is characterized by the appearance of scaly flaking areas on the epithelium, these areas have a red tinge and have so-called borders in the form of flaking white tissue epithelium.
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Geographical language in a child: the causes of the disease
Such a disease as the emergence of a geographical language in children happens in case of malnutrition of lingual tissue and doctors are not always able to explain the cause of this violation. However, many of them are convinced that the indirect cause of this disease are such diseases of internal organs as:
- liver disease;
- renal diseases;
- sore spleen;
- worm infestation;
- diseases of the pancreas and spleen.
In children, the cause of the appearance of a geographic language is often the desquamating glossitis, which often appears during the eruption of milk teeth. In addition, such a disease can appear in adolescence, in particular in girls shortly before the first menstruation or in her time.
The child’s geographic language may disappear with age, however, in some cases this phenomenon is also characteristic of adults.
Often this syndrome also occurs due to diseases such as:
- anemia;
- avitaminosis;
- acute infectious diseases;
- changes in the autonomic and endocrine systems;
- collagenosis.
Also such a phenomenon can be the cause of hereditary factors.
What changes occur in geographic language?
What happens in the body and what sensations the child experiences at the same time, let's find out.
So, with this manifestation, the epithelium can be exfoliated for several days in a row, sometimes this process is delayed for months. However, despite such a process, the child may not feel anything and do not complain of discomfort in the mouth. And only if desquamation is enhanced, the child begins to complain of burning and tingling in the area of the tongue, as well as tweaking, which are aggravated during eating.
The tongue begins to react to spicy, too spicy or too hot food, in some cases, the child feels a dulling or change in taste qualities of certain products, in other words, dysgeusia.
Also, the child may appear paraguevziya - with this syndrome one taste or another appears in the mouth, although a person can eat anything. In addition, taste asymbolia develops - a state when the taste of the product is not felt during the meal. However, such phenomena, as well as other symptoms characteristic of a violation of the taste of a person, are extremely rare in geographic language.
The peeling foci do not have a coating in the form of a normal mucous membrane, so they are easily vulnerable to various kinds of infections. Also for geographic language cracks are characteristicwhich complicate the swallowing and enlargement of the submandibular lymph nodes.
The most common symptoms of geographic language in children
Among the most common symptoms that accompany this phenomenon are the following:
- desquamation of the epithelium in the tongue;
- the appearance of bright red spots in the language of different size and shape, smooth to the touch and outlined with a white rim of muddy epithelium;
- the appearance of unusual patterns that resemble a map, hence the name of the disease - the geographical language;
- lack of pain in the tongue or small tingling;
- increase and soften the tongue;
- uncomfortable condition during a conversation.
If the child has at least one of the above symptoms, any disease that can cause the occurrence of a geographic language can be diagnosed in a child. Diagnosis is carried out in almost all cases except teething u toddlers and puberty in adolescent girls.
Diagnosis is based on an examination of urine, feces and blood of the child. If he has some problems with internal organs, then the doctor may prescribe an additional examination and diagnostic measures.
Treatment and prevention of geographical language in children
If the syndrome does not appear against the background of a disease, but under the influence of changes in the body during teething or puberty, no need to treat, he will soon pass by himself, as soon as the changes are complete.
If the appearance of this phenomenon is associated with diseases of the stomach, worms invasion or other diseases, then need to prescribe treatment for the underlying disease and the geographic language will disappear too.
You should also carry out rehabilitation of the oral cavity to identify the exact cause of the syndrome. It is necessary to cure caries, if it is present in a child, to remove tartar, to carry out a comprehensive cleaning of the teeth. If the child is experiencing pain, then the doctor may prescribe painkillers or special trays based on vegetable oil.
To prepare such a bath, boil the butter for about 20 minutes, cool, dip in a cotton swab and put on the tongue. Wash off after about 15 minutes or a bit later.
To avoid irritation, it is necessary to revise the diet of the child. In particular, these products should be excluded:
- rough and sharp;
- too hot or too cold;
- ice;
- salty foods.
If an infection joins and a mucosal inflammation starts, the doctor may prescribe antibiotics.
We turn to preventive measures. So, in order to prevent the occurrence of this syndrome and subsequent complications in a child, one should not neglect the care of milk teeth.
Caries must be treated, and, the earlier, the better. If the tooth cannot be cured, it should be removed. When you observe a child's incomprehensible manifestations in the mouth, immediately take him to the dentist to identify the cause and prescribe treatment.
To maintain dental hygiene is very important even at a very early age. At the same time, it is better to use toothpaste for children for brushing teeth, since mint oil or menthol, which are part of the powder, have a very negative effect on the child’s tongue.
If the baby complains of dry mouth, it is necessary rinse regularly before bedtime and every time after a meal. For rinsing it is best to use all sorts of soothing herbal preparations, for example, chamomile, sage, St. John's wort, and others. You can purchase a collection, or you can, specially prepared in a pharmacy, an elixir for rinsing based on medicinal herbs.
Also, when feeling dry, you can put on the tongue gauze napkins, pre-moistened with peach oil or liquid paraffin. Also suitable for this purpose butter or fish oil. A napkin should be kept for no more than five minutes.
Also, adolescents who during puberty are prone to the appearance of a geographic language should to refuse from bad habits, which in the future may affect their health.
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