Many dangerous diseases do not have clear symptoms. The cyst develops gradually and imperceptibly, so it does not bother, but this is its cunning, since, having reached a certain size, it can turn into a cancerous tumor. What is this disease? Why does a cyst appear in the gum of the tooth and how to get rid of it?
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What is a tooth gum cyst
This neoplasm occurs due to inflammation in the oral cavity. In appearance, it resembles a dense bladder, inside which contains a purulent fluid. The size of an average cyst is about 5 mm to 3 cm in diameter. It may be of the following types:
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Paradontal, another name for the wisdom tooth cyst. - Due to the inflammation of the maxillary sinuses, there is a cyst of the eye teeth.
- A follicular cyst appears near the damaged rudiments or teeth with pathology.
- Children may have a cyto eruption that occurs when changing milk teeth to permanent ones.
- There is a tooth root cyst or radicular.
- Congenital, resulting from defects of the tooth buds.
- Residual localized in the area of the extracted tooth.
In the oral cavity, a cyst can be located anywhere in the anterior or posterior. The cyst develops slowly. Initially on the gums granuloma appearswhich is a focus of inflammation without clear boundaries. It is difficult to notice with the naked eye, so an x-ray is required. Inflammation dentist, as a rule, notices accidentally, for example, when he treats pulpitis.
Later, the granuloma "acquires" the boundaries, which speak of the emerging cyst. The inflammatory process in the gums further extends to the region of the adjacent teeth, replacing healthy tissue.
This leads to the gradual destruction of the jaw bones, which may even result in their fracture. And also "bag of infection»Adversely affects the health of the whole organism. The activity of microbes is constantly increasing and provokes the appearance of osteomyelitis or cancer.
Sometimes pus oozes straight from the gums. This means that the cyst has burst and a fistulous channel has formed. When he appears it accompanied by pain, swelling of the gums, not always by increasing the temperature.
Symptoms of a tooth cyst
At the initial stages, it is impossible for anyone to recognize the disease, since there are no symptoms. However, as time passes, some signs appear:
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When pressing on the tooth during a meal, painful sensations appear. - The appearance of discomfort when biting, for example, carrots.
- General discomfort.
- Temperature rise.
- Pain in the head or teeth.
- The appearance of bumps in the soft palate or gums.
- Puffiness of the gums.
- Flux, fistula, suppuration.
These symptoms suggest that the cyst gum is already entered active stage development. Therefore, it is necessary to consult a doctor immediately, as at least one of the listed symptoms became noticeable. No need to hope that everything goes by itself.
Causes of cyst on the gums of the teeth
Basically, the disease occurs as a result of infection in the oral cavity, the response to which is a protective reaction of the body. This is due to the following factors:
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poor oral hygiene; - neglected caries or pulpitis;
- poor quality processing of dental canals when filling teeth;
- mechanical trauma of the teeth;
- inflammatory process in connection with the eruption of the wisdom tooth;
- congenital defects in the development of teeth;
- a complication after an infectious disease, such as sinusitis;
- immunocompromised.
According to statistics, it is known that about 60% of patients in the dental clinic after treatment of pulpitis return to it again due to the occurrence of a cyst. due to poorly sealed channels.
Treatment of cysts at an early stage of development
If you notice the first symptoms of a purulent inflammatory process go to the dentist right away. Since the early stage of cyst development in the gum avoids surgery.
As a rule, the treatment is carried out in a therapeutic way and consists of the following: the wound is treated with an antiseptic solution; the tooth is thoroughly cleaned and set the seal.
The hard shell of the cyst cyst is punctured and purulent fluid is releasedwhich the doctor replaces with a paste that helps to restore damaged tissue, a filling is placed on the tooth. After two or three months, the patient comes for a re-examination to make sure that the treatment is successful, there is no recurrence.
The therapeutic method for the treatment of gum neoplasm is used only when two basic conditions are met:
- The initial stage of development of the cyst, while its diameter is not more than 8 mm.
- When there are no seals on the root canals or there is a poor-quality filling along their entire length.
Surgical method
As a rule, the patient turns to the dentist about a cyst of the gum is too late, so instead of a therapeutic treatment he is offered a surgical operation. Indications for surgical treatment of cysts:
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The diameter of the cyst is greater than 8 mm. - In the root canal is installed pin.
- There is a crown on the tooth.
- A prerequisite is the quality filling of root canals for 2/3 of its length.
Previously, the tumor was removed along with the tooth, in our time the methods are more benign. The tooth is removed only with the complete destruction of the roots. A modern method of treating this pathology is laser - best and best method.
The procedure is not cheap, but it has enough advantages to make a choice in its favor:
- painlessness;
- no risk of infection;
- the safety of the tooth in full;
- short recovery period after treatment;
- no complications.
Laser treatment, as already mentioned, is expensive proceduretherefore, not all clinics have such equipment. Patients for this reason have to go under the knife. Perform three main types of such operations:
- Hemisection. This method of treatment is considered the most gentle surgical intervention. A cyst must be removed, in addition, the root of the tooth and part of the crown are removed along with it.
- Cystotomy. Treatment involves removal of the anterior wall of the cyst. It is performed in cases of severe inflammation, when the disease is started and the destructive processes in the jaw bone tissue are already active, and the palate or the nasal cavity is affected.
- The most difficult and effective operation is cystectomy. Treatment by this method is carried out in cases of a large cyst localized in the upper jaw. The cyst and the damaged part of the tooth root are removed.
The first time after surgery, the patient feels nagging pain. And also you need to know that the swelling of the tissues will subside only after three days.
Treatment by folk methods
Folk remedies are used only to alleviate the symptoms, but can not replace visits to the dentist. Most often, the most effective treatment is mouth rinsing. For this use:
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Saline solution. A small spoonful of sea salt is taken in a glass of warm water. - Decoction of horsetail. Bring to a boil 400 ml of water with 4 large spoons of horsetail and let it stand. When warm, rinse the mouth, but do not swallow.
- Infusion of sage and iris root. Pour 2 large spoons of the herb mixture with a glass of water. Make a water bath that is aged for 20 minutes.
- Solution with essential oil of myrrh. Put a few drops of natural oil in 100 ml of water. Stir and rinse the mouth cavity.
- Herbal tea. Take calendula, yarrow, eucalyptus and thyme for this purpose.
- Vodka. Rinse your mouth with any alcohol tincture.
These procedures must be repeated every 3-4 hours. Keep the liquid warm, as hot water will only worsen the condition of the oral cavity. Try also miraculous properties of garlic. Four cloves finely rub on a grater and applied to the site of inflammation.
Homemade treatments can only help in the initial stage of the disease. Running cyst requires professional treatment, and the use of popular methods will only aggravate the situation, pushing back precious time. Therefore, self-treatment is not the best choice.
A dentist is usually not the most beloved doctor of most of us, but the cyst that appears will allow you to change your mind if you see a specialist. Because without the help of a good doctor, recovery still fails.
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