Anesthesia refers to a condition in which the patient loses consciousness, reflexes go away, and his body completely relaxes. During general anesthesia, the patient does not experience severe pain, as his nervous system is inhibited. The phrase general anesthesia is a popular term. Doctors do not use it, preferring to use the phrase general anesthesia and general anesthesia.
Such anesthesia came to dentistry recently. Until the middle of the last century, doctors and patients believed that any discomfort during dental procedures can be tolerated under local anesthesia. However, by the end of the 20th century, the fact that local anesthesia was unable to fully meet the needs of patients and dentists became apparent. Complicated wisdom tooth under local anesthesia is very difficult to remove. In addition, local anesthetics act on different people is not the same. They fit one patient, do not have the desired effect on another. Actually, for this reason, dentists began to use general anesthesia for the treatment and removal of teeth. Later, general anesthesia began to be applied for other indications.
Deep anesthesia is in demand when it comes to removing teeth in young children, who, in general, do not tolerate such a procedure well and cannot safely sit still for the required time.
Today general anesthesia is used to remove teeth, implantation and any complicated surgical procedures associated with dental treatment. Separate dental clinics that specialize in treatment under general anesthesia have even appeared in our country. Feedback on their work is only positive.
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Indications for tooth extraction under general anesthesia
It is noteworthy that despite availability of general anesthesia in modern dentistry, it is rarely used in dentistry. This is due to strict requirements for the use of such anesthesia. Professionals with the necessary knowledge, skills, experience and equipment are not always taken for general anesthesia, because this event is risky. They do not want to risk meaninglessly, indulging the patient's desire to sleep during the extraction of a tooth.
Indications for the use of general anesthesia during tooth extraction are:
- The upcoming operation has a large volume and has a large invasiveness. For example, wisdom tooth extraction. The front works, as well as their complexity, the dentist determines the results of the survey.
The other day I removed a wisdom tooth under general anesthesia. According to the doctors, the operation took 40 minutes due to the fact that the case was difficult: the roots of the "wise" tooth went under the next. Without a general anesthesia, I would not have undergone the operation, but I did not feel anything. The only drawback is dry mouth after anesthesia.
- Possible development of allergies with the use of local anesthesia drugs.
- The patient cannot cope with the gag reflex during the work of the dentist.
- The patient is very afraid of any dental intervention.
- The patient has various mental disorders.
- Small age of the patient.
By the way, many parents often can't handle babieswhich in every way interfere with the work of the doctor.In these cases, anesthesia may be the only way to avoid the transition of the disease into a neglected form. Parents are left only positive feedback after such anesthesia.
Deep dental anesthesia can be given to a patient only if there is a professional anesthesiologist-resuscitologist in the clinic. This specialist is engaged in the selection of the most appropriate for a particular patient drugs, calculates safe doses, monitors the patient during the operation and helps him out of anesthesia after surgery. In the event that a patient experiences any trouble during the operation, it is the anesthesiologist-resuscitator who is responsible for saving his life. It is good that such situations in dentistry are extremely rare.
Contraindications
An operation to remove the teeth under general anesthesia can be performed only if the patient undergoes a comprehensive examination. Doctors should be aware of all related and ever-transmitted diseases. That is, you have to spend some time on different procedures.
According to the survey it may become clear that the patient cannot get deep anesthesia due to the presence of contraindications.
General anesthesia cannot be used in the following cases:
- The patient suffers from anemia.
- The patient has diseases of the internal organs.
- There is decompensated heart failure.
- Condition after a heart attack. In this case, general anesthesia cannot be applied for 6 months.
- Alcohol and drug intoxication.
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Frequent epileptic seizures. - The patient is forced to take hormonal medications.
- Diseases of the respiratory system.
- Pneumonia.
- Diabetes in uncompensated form.
- Thyrotoxicosis.
- Asthma.
- Diseases of the adrenal glands.
Cons of general anesthesia
Doctors can not general anesthesia in the above cases, since there are serious risks of complications. For this reason, doctors insist that the patient undergo at least an ECG and laboratory tests.
You should also understand that deep anesthesia is a serious effect on the bodywhich can cause various side effects. This is not mentioned in the advertising booklets of most dental clinics. Most often, after general anesthesia, the following side effects occur:
- Increased blood pressure.
- Tachycardia.
- Convulsive reactions.
- Spasms of the bronchi.
- Spasms of the larynx.
- Vomiting.
- Temporary amnesia.
This is not all the negative aspects of general anesthesia.
Before the procedure of general anesthesia the patient must undergo preoperative training. He can neither drink nor eat. After the operation, he will have to follow the rules, which will somewhat complicate life.
Repeat removal of teeth under general anesthesia This is only possible if the clinic has a well-coordinated team of doctors: dentists, anesthetists, resuscitators, and nurses. In addition, the clinic should have all the necessary equipment. All this increases the price of deep anesthesia.
According to dentists, general anesthesia makes the work of a doctor more difficult for the following reasons:
- Intubation tube makes it difficult for the dentist to access the operating area.
- The patient, being in a narcotic dream, is not capable to carry out instructions of the stomatologist. This forces the doctor during work to constantly change poses in order to reduce the load on the muscles, which quickly tires. Naturally, fatigue does not improve the quality of the work of the dentist.
If the patient knows about the above difficultiesthen this can greatly increase his anxiety. Therefore, it is unreasonable to assume that general anesthesia will reduce the fear of surgical dental treatment. He is able to get rid of pain, but not from fear.
How does general anesthesia affect the brain?
General anesthesia allows you to remove teeth completely painless, so why are the patients themselves not in a hurry to use this opportunity? It's all about the rumors that spread very quickly in society. Among ordinary people, there was an opinion that general anesthesia adversely affects memory, leads to worsening of sleep and provokes headaches. Is this really true?
An unequivocal answer to this question can not be given. Yes scientists 
conducted numerous clinical trials and interviewed patients, but could not reach a unanimous opinion. Most reputable doctors believe that general anesthesia during tooth extraction does not affect memory. But there are supporters of a different opinion. They believe that long and deep general anesthesia can lead to a short-term, but still worsening of memory. This is explained by the temporary oxygen starvation of the brain, which can occur during deep anesthesia. Just the consequences of such fasting are fixed by doctors from time to time.
Under general anesthesia, I had several teeth removed at different times. Previously, there were no complications, but after the last procedure I encountered a side effect: amnesia. For almost a day I could not remember my own name. Frightened, but everything worked out.
Actually, people are not afraid of the narcosis itself, but of possible consequences that may be unpredictable.
Benefits of general anesthesia for dentistry
Despite the fact that general anesthesia has many negative aspects, it still has several advantages over local anesthesia:
- Lack of pain sensitivity.
- The ability to carry out even the most serious dental surgery to patients who are afraid of dentists.
- Exclusion of unnecessary injuries that may arise from the fault of the patient. For example, the patient, frightened by the pain, will try to interfere with the doctor, which will lead to damage to the soft tissues of the oral cavity. With general anesthesia, this simply can not be.
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The ability to carry out long-term operations of large volume and trauma. For example, the removal of wisdom teeth in the lower jaw. - The ability to carry out dental surgery for children. Some manipulations are impossible without the use of general anesthesia. Without anesthesia, the child will interfere with the doctor and can get a serious psychological trauma. In the future, a person for life will remain fear of people in white coats. As for local anesthesia, it can in itself lead children into a state of shock.
Cost of general anesthesia for teeth extraction
Anesthesia - expensive procedure. For this reason, doctors resort to it only if there are strong indications. The patient’s desire alone is not enough.
Insofar as equipment for anesthesia costs a lot of money, training of qualified personnel is expensive, then the prices for tooth extraction under general anesthesia are much higher than for the usual extraction of a tooth under local anesthesia.
The following factors affect price formation:
- The time of surgery. The price for general anesthesia in clinics is traditionally indicated in 30 minutes. The average price is 4,000 rubles.
I gave 6,000 rubles for general anesthesia. Doctors removed a complicated tooth in less than an hour. During the operation, I did not feel anything - I was asleep. Its OK now.
- The age of the patient. General anesthesia for children costs an average of 500 rubles more.
- The complexity of the operation. Difficult tooth extraction under general anesthesia can cost up to 12,000 rubles.
- The need to stay in the hospital after surgery adds to the cost of the operation from 10,000 to 15,000 rubles.
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