Correctly determine the number of channels in the tooth is possible only with the help of X-ray. Of course, their number depends on where the tooth is located - with a greater chewing load on the teeth in the back of the jaws and the restraint system is stronger, respectively, they are larger, have more roots and channels. but this non-permanent indicator, and it does not mean that the upper or lower incisors will have only one channel, it all depends on the individual characteristics of the structures of the jaw of each person. Therefore, how many channels in the aching tooth require filling, can be determined by the dentist at the opening or with the help of X-rays.
Content
Percentage calculation
Due to the fact that each person is individual and there are no clear rules and regulations for determining how many channels in the teeth, in dentistry, data on this issue are given as a percentage. Initially they repel because the same teeth of the upper and lower jaw are very different from each other. If the first three upper incisors in almost one hundred percent of cases have only one canal, then with the same teeth the lower jaw is much more complicated, and they have approximately the following percentage:
- In the first cutter, most often only one channel is in 70% of cases of general statistics, and only in 30% there can be two;
- The second tooth can have either one or two channels in practically equal proportions, or more precisely, a ratio of 56% to 44%;
- The third lower jaw incisor almost always has only one canal, and only in 6% of cases there may be two.
Premolars have a larger structure, they already have more pressure and load, respectively, it is logical to assume that the channels in the tooth become larger, however, and here it is not so simple. For example, in the fourth tooth of the upper jaw really only 9% of teeth have one canalIn 6% of cases there may even be three of them, and the rest is most often found with two. But at the same time, the next premolar (the fifth tooth) on which there seems to be an even stronger load often has one channel and only in some cases more (of which only 1% fall into three branches).
At the same time, there is a completely different situation in the lower jaw - the first and second premolars do not meet three-channel at all, and most often have only one channel (74% are four and 89% are five) and only in 26% of cases for four and 11% for the five two.
The molars are already larger and the number of channels increases. The sixes of the upper jaw with equal probability can have either three or four branches. In the lower jaw, a dual canal can sometimes occur (usually not more often than in 6% of cases), but most often these are three channels (65%) and sometimes four.
Rear molars usually have the following relationship:
- Upper seven: 70 to 30% three and four channels;
- Lower seven: 13 to 77% two and three channels.
Wisdom tooth
The eight or wisdom tooth is quite unique and not subject to standards and statistics. The upper can have a completely different structure with channels from one to five. The bottom eight is most often found in three channels, however, often at the opening, additional branches may be found during treatment.
Among other things, the wisdom tooth differs from others in that its channels are quite rarely of the correct form, often very curved and with a narrow course greatly complicating their treatment and filling.
Erroneous opinion
Since the tooth consists of the roots and the pre-coronal part, there is sometimes an erroneous opinion that there are as many channels in the teeth as there are roots. Far from it, because the channels are often branched and forked near the pulp. Moreover, in one root can go several channels parallel to each other. There are also cases of their split in apex, which is why it turns out that one root has two tips and this, of course, complicates the work of doctors when filling these teeth.
Considering all the features of the individual structure of the teeth, dentists need to be very careful in the treatment and filling in order not to miss any branch. Indeed, sometimes without an X-ray, it is very difficult even at the autopsy to reveal how many channels in the teeth.
Treatment
The development of modern medicine and dentistry in particular, today makes it possible to keep even more often those sore teeth that had to be removed yesterday because of the impossibility of treatment. Root canal treatment procedure The teeth themselves are quite complex, because they are filled with a soft tissue - pulp, which contains a large number of nerve endings, blood vessels and other connective tissues. Today, a separate section of dentistry, endodontics, is engaged in this, the development of which allows improving the condition human teeth and cure even difficult problems in more than 80% of cases, while retaining the tooth itself.
The goals of this treatment are:
- Removal of a developing infection within the root system;
- Preventing the collapse of the pulp or its removal;
- Removal of infected dentin;
- Preparation of the canal for sealing (giving it the desired shape);
- Enhance the effect of the action of drugs.
The complexity of this root treatment is that the dentist is quite difficult to reach sick channels and monitor the progress of the procedure. After all, if you do not even remove the microscopic part of the infection, it will be able to develop again over time.
One of the main indicators for such treatment is the inflammatory process, which leads to the destruction of the soft tissues of the pulp inside the canals. Most often, various diseases such as caries and pulpitis lead to this, but canal treatment may also be needed during periodontitis.
The first symptoms of the need for such treatment is tooth pain or swelling. gums. However, it should be borne in mind that in the case of the transition of the disease to the chronic stage, the pain may not be observed, while the disease develops and eventually leads to tooth loss. That is why it is so important to have a regular preventive checkup at the dentist.
The process and stages of canal treatment
The root canal treatment process has clear sequence of steps:
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Initially, it is necessary to conduct a proper diagnosis of the disease. In difficult cases, the dentist directs the patient to an x-ray. - After this, the doctor performs the necessary preparatory oral procedures for treatment.
- Canal treatment is quite a painful procedure, so the tooth must be anesthetized by anesthesia (usually in the gums near the patient's tooth).
- After this, a full aseptic of all instruments is performed and the aching tooth is separated from the rest with the help of a special rubber film (caddrama).
- Further, the diseased tooth is opened with the help of a drill, providing maximum access to the diseased canals, after which their initial cleaning is carried out, the infected pulp is removed and in parallel the canals are treated with special medications.
- After they are dried and sealed with special materials.
If the doctor has any doubts (usually this happens when the tooth is not conveniently positioned and tools are difficult to access) - he puts a temporary sealthen sends the patient to an x-ray, according to a photo which checks whether all the infection he removed and all channels cleaned.A permanent seal is then placed approximately two weeks after that.
The whole procedure, of course, is not very pleasant, but it allows you to save a tooth. Its duration depends on the location of the tooth, the number of channels in it, the complexity of the developed infection and usually takes from thirty minutes to one hour. And success depends on the professionalism of the doctor and the quality of the work done by him, since all the affected pulp must be removed from the channels without leaving a single drop of infection, otherwise it may develop again and tightly seal the tooth so that nothing could get into the cleaned cavity anymore.
Prevention after treatment
After the treatment of the root system for a while loads should be avoided a cured tooth, moreover, cannot be eaten earlier than two hours after the therapy, otherwise the not completely frozen filling can simply fall out. However, the same can happen when using a doctor of low-quality drugs or carrying out incorrect treatment (for example, overdried or not dried the channels before filling).
Also, after sealing for some time a tooth (up to several days) can give pain when pressing or just whining, cause discomfort, have increased sensitivity. This is usually a normal condition, if the pain is severe, you can take painkillers. If the pain does not go away after a certain time, it can also be an indicator of poor treatment (inadequate cleaning of the infection or infected pulp, leaking filling, the use of low-quality drugs or materials).
Sometimes there are cases the occurrence of allergic reactions, which is also accompanied by persistent pain, sometimes itching and a rash on the body. It can be caused by a reaction to the drug or the material that was used for the filling. In this case, it must be replaced with another, which will not cause allergies.
In all these situations, it is necessary to consult a doctor as soon as possible in order to re-examine and prevent teeth, in order to identify the cause of deviations from the norm.
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