Inflammation of a nerve in a tooth or pulpitis is a process that occurs in a particular neurovascular bundle. This disease is characterized by the occurrence of a powerful pain syndrome, which is quite difficult to endure. Therefore, therapy should begin with the elimination of pain and only after that, the treatment of the tooth itself.
Content
The main symptoms of pulpitis
Like any other disease, pulpitis has its own characteristic features that everyone needs to know about. The main symptoms of the disease are the following:
- On examination of the oral cavity by a dentist, a rather deep carious cavity is found.
- Sharp throbbing pain. Moreover, it is diffuse, not allowing to immediately determine which of the teeth is sick. The painful sensations are aggravated by eating, by pressure on the aching tooth, and by the ingestion of something sweet or sour, hot or cold.
- The inflamed pulp, as a rule, swells severely, and since it is limited to the dental cavity, the nerve is squeezed, which explains the unbearable pain in the pulpitis.
- Pain syndrome increases in the prone position, as well as in the evening and at night.
- When pulpitis is often possible to observe an unpleasant smell from the mouth.
Often pulpitis causes inflammation of the trigeminal nerve, resulting in pain increases and extend to the entire jaw, and in some cases even to the second.
Ignoring the first symptom of pulpitis and trying to suppress the pain with the help of drugs, without going to the clinic for dental treatment, leads to the transition of pulpitis purulent. Then begins necrosis of the nerves, blood vessels and pulp tissue.
After the death of the tooth nerve, the pain subsides, however, it is not worth it to rejoice: at the same time the supply of the lymph and blood to the tooth stops, and the inflammatory process moves to the tissues located next to the sick tooth.
Causes of Inflammation of the Dental Nerve
The main cause of inflammation of the dental nerve and pulp is andinternal tooth tissue infection, by penetration of external infection. How can this happen?
There are several ways to get an infection inside the tooth, among which are the following:
- Pathogens from infected blood enter the pulp through the damaged pockets of the gums or through the root system of the tooth.
- Pulpitis medication character. Occurs due to unqualified treatment: the use of antiseptics that provoke inflammation, the use of low-quality material under the fillings, etc.
- Launched caries.
- Improper tooth turning when installing an orthodontic structure or a crown.
- Mechanical damage to the tooth, accompanied by chips, breaks, fractures.
- Poor dental treatment of caries with infection entering the pulp.
- Retrograde infection that penetrates the tooth through the impaired root system during exacerbations of periodontitis, sinusitis, as well as with existing osteomyelitis.
Pulpitis treatment
There are two types of treatment of the inflamed dental nerve: conservative and surgical.
Conservative therapy. It can only be carried out in the case of an early referral to a dentist, when the inflammatory processes that have begun are still in full force. With conservative treatment, live pulp is preserved.
Most often, conservative treatment (biological method) is used in the following cases:
- treatment of young patients with no history of chronic diseases;
- accidental damage to the pulp chamber;
- with pulpitis, wearing a traumatic nature.
Therapy without removal of the dental nerve determines the following actions of the doctor:
- The use of antibacterial agents and drugs containing calcium.
- The use of physiotherapy in order to restore the alkaline reaction and the rehabilitation of the pulp.
- Systematic X-ray control, in order to prevent the transition of the process of inflammation in the chronic form.
In case of traumatic inflammation of the dental nerve, the opened pulp is treated with an antiseptic, after which a pad impregnated with calcium hydroxide is applied and the tooth sealed with a temporary seal. And although the recovery rate in this case is quite high, the specialist should still recommend that the patient undergo systematic X-ray control.
Surgical Treatment - Tooth Depulping
Such treatment is carried out more often than conservative, since in most cases people seek help already in the later stages of the development of pulpitis.
This method represents complete removal of the dental nerve both from the root and from the crown part of the tooth, with further filling of the crown and root canals. It should be noted that in this way both chronic and acute pulpitis are treated.
Stages of tooth pulping:
- A special machine removes all tissues affected by caries.
- The dental nerve is removed from the root canals and the coronal part.
- Channel processing is carried out with appropriate tools.
- Filling of root canals and coronal part.
Surgical treatment is divided into two types: devital and vital. When using the first method, the dental nerve is killed with the help of devitalizing preparations. This group includes arsenic and modern armpitic drugs. In this case, no anesthesia is applied during tooth extraction.
It should be noted that arsenic treatment should be carried out only by a highly qualified specialist, since the quality of the effect of the medicine on the pulp depends on the correctness of its installation in the dental cavity.
The vital method implies use of local anesthesia to remove the dental nerve. At the same time, the patient does not feel pain, therefore, treatment without pain syndrome is quite realistic if the anesthesia is correctly done.
Pain reliever is injected into the patient’s gum, after which pulp is opened and removed, root canals are thoroughly cleaned and the nerve endings are removed. Then it is necessary to treat the root canals well with an antiseptic solution in order to prevent recurrence.
The algorithm of the procedures is determined by the state of the tooth, the complexity of the operation and the stage of the inflammatory process. In some cases, the duration of treatment may be one day. After examining the oral cavity and assessing the condition of the tooth, the dentist may decide to treat the root canals with antiseptics and, after thoroughly drying them, proceed to a filling.
Sealing should be very tight and to make sure of it. control shot is taken. Then, a filling is installed on the carious cavity and the external appearance of the tooth is restored (sealing material is used for this). The treatment is complete.
Complex and running pulpitis is treated in stages. Initially, root canals are sealed, after which a temporary seal is applied.A few days later, after the filling material inside the root canals hardens, the dentist establishes a permanent filling and reproduces the shape of the tooth.
Depophoresis
This method is one of the modern methods of treatment of pulpitis, which ensures the elimination of inflammatory processes inside the canals, which is very important when they are obstructed and it is impossible to be cleaned of pulp debris by mechanical means.
Depophoresis showed high efficiency in the treatment of advanced forms of pulpitis, when there is a high probability of the occurrence of granulomas and cysts. Due to the fact that under the influence of calcium hydroxide-copper and the electric field, the pulp residues are completely decomposed, the possibility of relapse is excluded.
Depophoresis is excellent at treating pulpitis of the canine, acute, retrograde inflammation of the dental nerve and other forms of the disease.
Laser treatment
The dream of every person who has ever visited a dental office, a person is the treatment of acute toothache without the use of a dental drill. The development of dentistry, however, like the whole of medicine in general, made this dream come true. One of these modern and painless methods of therapy is the use of a dental laser.
The use of this method allows the treatment of pulpitis safe and painlesswhile maintaining a lively pulp. Under the influence of laser beams, activation of metabolic processes in dental tissues occurs, and the process of pulp cell regeneration is stimulated and the inflammatory process stops.
During the day after the procedure, the pain syndrome is relieved, and tooth functions are restored. This method has shown the greatest efficiency in the treatment of focal inflammation.
Physiotherapy Inflammation of the Dental Nerve
Physiotherapy treatment of pulpitis is an adjuvant therapy used in combination with other methods. High efficiency showed method treatment of pulpitis with UHFin which there is a resorption of the lesion in the pulp and reduction of pain.
In order to avoid apical periodontitis (a complication of pulpitis), trans-channel electrophoresis of iodine is used, which stimulates the process of repairing periodontal and pulp tissues.
It is believed that the treatment of an inflamed dental nerve is a fairly simple and unserious dental procedure, but this is far from the case.
Therapy of pulpitis involves working with a complex root system of the tooth, which requires a doctor deep knowledge of endodontics (new specialty in dentistry), as well as the use of a large number of modern medical equipment.
Choosing a dental center for treating a sore dental nerve, first of all ask about the qualifications of the doctor, as well as technical equipment of the clinic. Compliance with this simple rule will help to avoid in the future unforeseen problems associated with poor-quality dental services.