Laryngeal edema occurs due to inflammation in the pharynx or larynx. The presence of such a symptom indicates the presence of a number of diseases in humans, such as laryngopharinitis, tuberculosis, influenza and others. Often this syndrome appears due to burns of the larynx after X-rays, prescribed to patients with neck tumors.
Edemas of the non-inflammatory series may appear in diseases of the internal organs, in particular, hepatic and renal diseases, as well as in some heart diseases. In addition, they may be due to allergies.
As the larynx swelling of the patient looks like, you can see on the attached a photo.
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Differences inflammatory from non-inflammatory manifestations of the symptom
Laryngeal edema is not an independent disease and always indicates the presence of a more serious illness, the consequence of which he is. However, it is impossible to treat this manifestation frivolously, because if you do not provide timely assistance to a person, he may suffocate and die.
Inflammatory edema may accompany such diseases and illnesses as:
- diseases oral cavity;
- laryngeal tonsillitis;
- phlegmonous laryngitis;
- epiglottic abscess;
- root suppuration language.
Unlike inflammatory edema, which are accompanied by pain, non-inflammatory can pass absolutely without symptoms, and only if he is very strong, then the patient may feel discomfort when swallowing, and also breathes heavily.
Laryngeal edema of a non-inflammatory type may be symptoms of such illnesses as:
- heart diseases;
- kidney disease;
- liver disease, including cirrhosis;
- allergy to a medical product or food;
- circulatory disorders in the larynx with compression of the lymphatic vessels.
Among other causes of this symptom can be called mechanical damage to the larynx by foreign objects, postoperative condition or hot meal in children.
What are the swelling of the larynx?
Depending on the disease, which is accompanied by edema and other causes of its occurrence, they are divided into the following:
- infectious - the most common form. The infection may be primary and secondary. The cause of puffiness is hypothermia, a “broken” voice, or chronic laryngitis;
- swelling that appears on the background of damage to the larynx by a foreign body. They can be caused by mechanical, thermal or chemical damage to the mucous membrane, and they also appear as a result of injuries, inhalation of hot steam or toxic gases;
- toxic;
- symptomatic - developing on the background of renal diseases, tumors and other diseases;
- vasomotor.
What is angioedema?
Quincke edema, or in other words angioedema, is a condition in which other parts of the body begin to swell. It develops immediately and is an allergic manifestation to the following phenomena and products:
- iodine-containing drugs;
- vitamin B based drugs;
- aspirin;
- penicillin;
- insect pollen;
- products with the addition of emulsifiers or dyes;
- histamine release;
- chemicals contained in cosmetics, paints or household chemicals.
Also, this syndrome can be caused by infectious diseases such as giardiasis or hepatitis or endocrine diseases.
It can occur with the release of histamine, which contributes to the use of alcohol. Also, a person may have a hereditary predisposition to Quinck.
Laryngeal edema: symptoms
This disease can be identified by the following symptoms:
- hoarse voice;
- cough in the form of the so-called barking;
- choking, with increasing shape;
- appearance of cyanosis on the face.
A patient with swelling in the larynx is extremely difficult to inhale, and then exhale. There is swelling of the soft palate, celestial tonsils and uvula. Also, the syndrome can be identified by chest whistling during breathing.
In the presence of angioedema, all listed symptoms are complemented by edema on the face and on the hands, lips, fingers and other parts of the body may swell.
How to give first aid?
Naturally, if you have any of the symptoms of laryngeal edema should call an ambulance as urgent as possible in order to prevent the patient from suffocating in time. Before the arrival of the ambulance should take the following steps;
- ease the patient's breathing, for example, unbutton a scarf, take off a tie, etc .;
- under the action of the allergen to prevent its further use or exposure;
- immerse the patient in a hot bath or at least lower his arms or legs into a basin of hot water;
- rinse the mouth with adrenaline hydrochloride;
- nasal spray nasal spray strong action;
- if possible - administer intramuscularly antihistamine (for example, suprastin or diphenhydramine).
In cases where the swelling is triggered by an insect bite in the area of the arm or leg, or by administering a drug that has been allergic, should immediately put a harness into place just above the wound.
Treatment methods
Treatment of this disease involves the elimination of the action of the allergen or procedures for the treatment of a key disease, against which it appeared. If the swelling is inflammatory in nature, the abscess should be opened and therapeutic actions should be performed.
Suffering swelling is the most dangerous, and in this case, everything should be done very quickly, take serious measures yourself, but you need to speed up the arrival of the doctor.
Medical examination of a patient with this symptom is primarily aimed at identifying the cause of the onset, so the doctor is obliged to find out if the person is sick with something else, if he has chronic diseases, or if there is an allergy.
With edema of the uvula, difficulty breathing or lesion of the vocal cord, the patient is subject to immediate hospitalization.
Treatment at home or in a hospital involves the following measures:
- penicillin injections and inhalations;
- warmth to the neck;
- hot foot baths;
- banks and mustard plasters;
- food intake in liquid form;
- swallowing ice;
- Novocainic blockade under the skin and inside the nose;
- glucose solution intravenously.
Regardless of what caused the edema, it should be detected as soon as possible and take all necessary measures to save the patient from possible consequences.
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