Prosthetic dentistry is an integral part of dentistry as well as the study of the causes, the elimination of defects. Modern techniques and materials allow you to restore the dentition, even in their absence. With the introduction of computer technology prosthetics stepped far forward, completely turning the base.
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Indications for use of prosthetic teeth
Modern methods of prosthetics allow for partial restoration of teeth, as well as full recovery lost segments.
Indications for prosthetics:
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the surface of the teeth is substantially destroyed; - edentulous, which is eliminated by the installation of removable dentures or implantation;
- destruction of segments while maintaining the root system;
- the dentition is significantly deformed, which makes it possible to use all types of prosthetics;
- partial or complete absence of teeth.
When choosing a design should be considered patient medical records, doctor's recommendations and financial capabilities. The absence of teeth in a person does not spoil the appearance, but also has a negative impact on health:
- Diseases of the digestive tract arise from a violation of the chewing process.
- After the loss of even one tooth, the load on the rest increases.
- In addition to a negative external effect, a person’s self-esteem falls and the psychological balance is disturbed.
Types of prosthetics
Depending on the design used for the restoration of the dentition, they are divided into three main types. Fixed prostheses, the main feature of which is permanent fixation, removable structures and combined versiont first two.
During the development of orthopedic dentistry, the second option has been significantly improved in aesthetic terms. But usability indicators have also improved with the introduction acrylic plasticwhich eased the design. This provided a good appearance and ease of extraction from the oral cavity.
Prosthetics of the jaws, in which there are no teeth, is made by the snug fit of the acrylic base. Application special adhesive creams significantly increase the reliability of fastening.
Prosthetic upper and lower teeth have their differences. The question of the first is solved more simply, it happens because of the greater support area, which provides a secure fit.
Removable design
When there are no more than three teeth in a row, then doctors recommend a removable version of prosthetics.
The basis of the design is made of nylon metal plastic and acrylic pasteto which fixing devices and other elements are attached.
The most popular partial dentures:
- byugelnye;
- plastic with a metal or acrylic base;
- nylon
Partially removable and removable prostheses have such disadvantages:
- The healthy segments on which the construction rests are covered with crowns.
- Regular use contributes to bone atrophy.
- The first time the basis of the prosthesis delivers inconvenience.
Despite the constant improvement of removable structures, these methods significantly lose implants.
Fixed prostheses
In the absence of teeth, the use of implants would be the best option.This allows you to evenly distribute the chewing load. Depending on the material emit nonmetallic and metal prostheses.
As a basis for a fixed prosthesis are used:
- alloys of gold, cobalt, chromium, palladium;
- ceramics on aluminum oxide, zirconium, porcelain.
When correcting defects of the front teeth use metalless structures, as the closest, in appearance to natural. Chewing teeth are not demanding on aesthetics, as they are on the periphery.
And here you can use less expensive solutions that are not worse in their characteristics (metal ceramics). The most popular types of fixed prostheses:
- Bridges, restore lost dental segments.
- The crown, which completely copies the shape and color of the natural tooth, is made of metal-ceramic and ceramics.
- Microprostheses (lumineers, inlays, veneers) are used to restore the damaged surface and improve aesthetic performance.
Dental techniques can solve even very complex tasks and return the teeth in full.
The advantages of modern prosthetic dentistry
Modern methods of prosthetics are improved every year, improving their characteristics. This allows you to do the procedure safely and painlessly at all stages. The use of temporary crowns, removes the question of visiting public places with teeth turned, good appearance persists at all stages.
New methods allowed reduce the duration of the procedure up to three days, while 5 years ago it took two weeks. Materials underwent a deep modernization. Modern prosthetics uses cermets, metal-free constructions and metal alloys. The choice of material is made depending on which tooth requires restoration.
If a person experiences an allergic reaction to the substance, then zirconium is used. The use of modern technology provides high accuracy and automation processes.
Stages of prosthetics
The procedure must be carried out in strict adherence to the medical protocol, deviation is not allowed even in one of the points. At the preparatory stage, a thorough examination of the oral cavity is done, x-ray examinationsif necessary, tooth decay is removed.
If there is a bite pathology, then an orthodontist is required, this will avoid problems with the installation of prostheses. Before the start of prosthetics, it is necessary to discuss the materials, the type of structures, the timing and price.
There are general steps in prosthetics, regardless of the method:
- Diagnostic measures and design selection, depending on the indicators and individual preferences.
- Additional treatment of teeth if necessary.
- A jaw impression is made on which the denture will be installed.
- On the basis of the cast, a plaster model is cast.
- The accuracy of the closing of the teeth is checked.
- Prosthesis is made and fitting is done.
- Final installation and fixation.
Possible complications
Even with the use of modern technology, prosthetics remains the introduction of a foreign body into the body, to which it must adapt. Therefore, there may be various complications. The main reasons for which are:
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Oral treatment was not performed. - The dental technician miscalculated the design.
- The installation of the prosthesis was carried out with errors, as a result of which bacteria accumulate at the junction of the gingiva and the prosthesis.
- The design was made with violations, as a result of which there was a breakdown.
- Allergic reaction.
- The dentition has shifted, with the result that the prosthesis was pushed out.
- The patient did not follow the rules of hygiene.
- In humans, a weakened immune system.
If during prosthetics medical protocol violated, such complications may appear:
- discomfort from the design;
- stomatitis;
- galvanic effect;
- disintegration of the structure in case of violation of the installation procedure;
- allergic reaction.
To reduce these risks you need drawn to a highly qualified clinicbut the price will be higher.
Care rules
Implants do not need special hygienic procedures. They require only daily cleaning, as well as natural teeth. Removable dentures are more demanding and need extra care.
Because of the design features, they accumulate food debris, which contributes to the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria. To avoid this need to be cleaned after each meal.
Prices of dental prosthetics in Ukraine
Depending on the material and design, the price may vary widely. Ceramics are best for implants, acrylic designs dominate the lower price segment.
The number of implants to be installed determines the total cost of prosthetics. On the price also affects the qualifications of the doctor, the work of an experienced professional is much more expensive.
Approximate cost of services:
- Crown based on zirconium oxide - from 3200 UAH.
- Crown E-Max (metalless) - from 3200 UAH.
- Tab (metalless) - from 2100 UAH.
- Veneers (metalless) - from 2900 UAH.
- Prostheses with a lock - from 5200 UAH.
- Classic dentures - from 3300 UAH.
- Removable - from 1700 UAH.
Choosing a clinic, carefully read the qualifications of doctors, how many years he has been practicing and read reviews on the Internet. Do not chase low prices, on the teeth can not save.
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