Dental implants: characteristics, pros and cons

Dental implantationQuite a lot of people are faced with the fact that they lose their teeth and are forced to subsequently restore them both individually and in large numbers.

Doctors do not recommend to tighten with the restoration, because when the tooth is absent, the bone tissue of the hole does not have any load and because of this it will atrophy. Here implantology comes to the rescue of the patient. What are its pros and cons, and you will learn in this material.

Implants or removable dentures?

When a tooth is absent for a long time and treatment is no longer possible, then only put a removable denture. This type of prosthesis has a number of its pros and cons, but if the aesthetic part of the question is important to you, then it will not work for you.

In addition, a defective dentition provokes the appearance of diseases of the temporomandibular joint, which are accompanied by the following symptoms:

  • problems with opening the mouth;
  • pain in the temple;
  • hearing problems

In dentistry, often with the aim of restoring the dentition, fixed structures are used. However, their disadvantage is that it is necessary to dissect healthy teeth located in the neighborhood. Most doctors will not recommend this option if possible alternative methods, in particular, the installation of implants.

Features of implantation

What are the types of implantsImplant installation held in several stages. First, a special depression is made in the bony part of the gum and an artificial root is implanted into the place for a future prosthesis. When the implant is put in place, a long healing period begins. At this time, the implant must settle down, the body gets used to it and should not be rejected. And after that, the artificial root is equipped with a peculiar superstructure and a crown, which is made taking into account the shape and color of the neighboring teeth.

However, before you go to this procedure, you need consult with such specialists:

  • therapist;
  • a dentist.

Prosthetics can be performed approximately 2-4 months after the loss of a tooth, during which time the gums and bone tissue in its place are completely restored.

Why do I need to restore a tooth?

It seems to many that if one or two teeth are missing, especially not the front teeth, this is not a problem, but they are greatly mistaken. If there is not even one tooth, then it provokes a large number of serious problems. So, the remaining teeth are shifted, then the correctness of their contact with each other is disturbed, and food begins to fall into the wide gaps between the teeth. As a result, periodontitis and caries are acquired.

As already mentioned, the bone stops receiving the required load and begins to decrease. Because of this, the patient may later face the fact that you will need ceramics or sinus lifting, if you mean an implant for the upper teeth of the front section. And if there are not a few units in the dentition, then this only aggravates the situation and may adversely affect the facial features - the corners of the lips crawl down and the cheeks begin to sag.

Dental implants: installation advantages

The advantages of installing implants instead of teeth:

  • Dental prostheticsyou will be able to restore the defects of the dentition, even single ones, without negatively affecting the adjacent teeth;
  • aesthetic question.By means of implants an excellent effect is achieved, especially for the front teeth, which cannot be distinguished from the real ones;
  • habituation procedure will not be traumatic and long;
  • chewing load on periodontal tissues and bone tissue in the jaw is evenly distributed, which prevents the occurrence of periodontal disease or local overload;
  • if the teeth are completely absent, the implants will support the fixation of fixed prostheses.

Cons installation implants

However, implants, despite the huge number of advantages, They have their disadvantages:

  • implants can be rejected with increased immune reactivity or certain features of the body, but this is constantly being improved and over time such complications are less and less common. This is achieved through the installation of high-inert materials, in particular, titanium alloys;
  • implantation cost. To install such prostheses will be very expensive.

The presence of contraindications to implantation

A huge minus of implants is that the operation is risky and has a number of contraindications. At the same time, they are absolute and relative.

To absolute contraindications to install implants include:

  • age restriction - it is not recommended to carry out the procedure for persons under the age of 18-22;
  • the presence of systemic connective tissue diseases;
  • mental illness;
  • drug addiction and alcoholism;
  • osteoporosis in severe form;
  • myocardial infarction (acute period);
  • chronic renal and hepatic impairment;
  • sugar decompensated diabetes.

The relative contraindications include the following:

  • pregnancy and breastfeeding;
  • bruxism (tooth gnash) - the installation of implants is possible with the written consent to put on caps;
  • smoking in large quantities;
  • sugar compensated diabetes.

Also, the disadvantages of implant installation include pain and slight swelling after the procedure. They pass within a few days and are considered the norm. Hot food can be taken only a day after the implants are installed. In addition, the menu is better to add those products that do not require strong chewing. Some time will be need to take antibiotics and go for check-ups to the doctor.

In order to avoid problems, during the period of establishment of the implant, it is necessary to carefully monitor the oral hygiene.

How is the procedure?

Like other operations, the procedure for installing implants for teeth has its own characteristic features. Algorithm for its implementation includes the following:

  • Teeth implantation procedurethe patient is undergoing anesthesia, in most cases local, while the anesthesia is practically not performed in this case. It is made only with multiple implantation;
  • the surface of the bone is exposed by dissection of the mucoperiosteal flap;
  • using a chemical pencil or boron marks are put on the bone to integrate the tooth;
  • bone preparation is done, initially to a lesser depth than planned. Next, you need to fit the length meter, then the preparation continues and the required shape and length is obtained in the resulting hole;
  • an implant is placed in the bed, sometimes you need to take an x-ray;
  • the implant is closed against infection;
  • mucoperiosteal flap is put in place and stitched;
  • control picture is taken;
  • after a few days you need to visit the doctor again to assess the wound healing process.

Types of implant operations on teeth

Installing implants on the teeth is long processwhich lasts about several months and is accompanied by the need to constantly undergo examinations, procedures and consultations with a dentist. But if the patients do not have time or he cannot undergo such a long procedure for other reasons, but he can use the service of one-stage implantation.This type of operation is based on the fact that the artificial root and crowns are implanted simultaneously in one clinic visit.

But this option is not always technically possible and recommended for implementation. In this case, the risk of losing money is much higher than in the ordinary case. So, if the implant does not take root, then you will lose the funds that were invested in the artificial root, functional prosthesis and the entire procedure. So, if a regular crown breaks, then it can be changed, and if it is placed immediately with the root, then the entire structure will need to be removed, it hurts the gums and it will be necessary to carry out the entire cycle of works anew.

Another option is two-stage implantation. Within its framework, an implant is first installed, then it is waited for it to fully take root, and only then a removable or non-removable denture is installed instead of a tooth.

There is also the concept of turnkey implantation, which provides a single price for all prosthetics. In this case, the cost of the procedure includes all related procedures that may be useful.

Types of implants

there is different types of implantswhich are set on the teeth during operations, the most common are:

  • Types of dental implantsAlpha Bio - such designs are distinguished by high adaptability and reasonable price. They can be put even when the bone tissue is practically absent. Country of origin - USA;
  • Ankylos - such implants in German are reliable, they are quickly implanted into the tissue and are universal, they can be placed in any part of the jawbone. Production material - pure titanium;
  • Nobel biocare - the designs of this brand are distinguished by safety and reliability in their installation on the teeth. They take root almost always. They are made on the basis of titanium, which in its structure resembles a human bone;
  • "Strauman" - these implants are made in Switzerland, they are of high quality and have a minimum survival rate (from three days to a month), they give an eternal guarantee. Such products are classified as premium among other types of implants.

As you can see, different implants have different characteristics. However, an important factor is the individual feature in each case. Thus, the pros and cons of installing an implant on one tooth or per group should be carefully studied by both the doctor and the patient.

Before agreeing to this procedure, carefully weigh all the pros and cons, evaluate your overall condition and only then make a decision about installing artificial teeth. \

Implantation

Veneers

Crowns