Dental calculus is a hard lime deposit appearing on the tooth enamel. In most cases, such formations occur in the area of the tooth neck, in crevices and other hard-to-reach places that rarely encounter hygienic treatment.
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What is tartar?
Everyone knows that the raid is able to appear immediately after the meal. It takes only a few hours, after which a large number of bacteria involved in food processing and emit a variety of substances, fasten plaque with the surface of the tooth. In this way thick film is created.
The lack of regular cleaning leads to the fact that after 7 to 10 days the soft coating becomes crystalline. Minerals begin to appear on the surface. As a result tartar is formed.
For the final formation of tartar takes about six months. In this regard, dentists recommend at least once every 6-7 months to conduct preventive examinations and get rid of deposits in a professional way.
Dental Scale Classification
Deposits can be divided by location:
- Suprageal are located above the gum. Such deposits are whitish or yellowish. It is important to note that in most cases they are formed from the inside of the teeth.
- Poddesnevye located in the depths of the gums, namely in the gum either periodontal pockets. Such deposits are not visible during normal visual inspection. Only an experienced dentist can see the education and understand that you should get rid of them. It is important to note that subgingival dental stones are most often formed in people over forty years old and can lead to tooth loss.
How do tartar affect human health?
Monitoring various deposits is important for many reasons. Dental stones can spoil the appearance of teeth and be dangerous to the oral cavity.
More than 90% of the formations are numerous microorganisms that multiply actively in the mouth. Colonies of microorganisms can change their own properties, as a result of which they become pathogenic microflora. Then begin to develop infections of the internal organs, inflammation of the gums. Simultaneously, the destruction of tissues. Tooth roots are exposed. Gradually, the process is increasingly aggravated.
The teeth are attached to the bone base of the lower as well as the upper jaws. The attachment is especially important thin connecting fibers. The formation of stone occurs on the outer part of the tooth and inside the gums in connection with which it can destroy the connection of the tooth with the jaw, causing the development of periodontitis.
Microorganisms can secrete various acids that destroy tooth enamel, causing superficial caries. It is at this stage that the treatment at the dentist becomes truly important.
Saliva forms in the oral cavity, which simultaneously has a bactericidal effect and neutralizes the effect of acid on the tooth tissue.However, when a stone appears, it cannot get to the right place in order to guarantee maximum protection against harmful acids released during chewing of any food.
Causes of tartar formation
Currently exist various assumptions regarding the formation of tartar. So, what reasons can be identified?
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Saliva acidity increases, resulting in the saturation of phosphate ions and calcium is also active. This leads to the fact that minerals can freely settle on the surface of the tooth enamel. - With salivary stagnation colloidal proteins may lose their own supersaturated state, which calcium phosphate ions need. As a result, the deposition of ions on the teeth. Soon a stone is formed.
- Phosphatase release from dental plaque, bacteria, and epithelial cells, which are dead, can lead to the deposition of stones.
- The main role is given to bacteria, which lead to the retention of mineral components on the surfaces of teeth. Microorganisms actually have a significant impact on the formation of various deposits, because the processes occur next to gram-negative, gram-positive bacteria. Mineralization ends with the hardening of the plaque and its transformation into stone. As a result, a large surface area of the tooth is affected.
Knowing the causes of tartar, you can take care of effective prevention.
What causes tartar?
Everyone should be prepared for the fact that the tartar causes various diseases. What factors are causing the emerging disease?
- Bacterial plaque can be fixed on the enamel and gums. Brushing your teeth removes plaque. However, non-compliance with oral hygiene leads to the fact that the microbial plaque becomes a dense tartar. Soon it becomes hard, and its size is actively increasing. The stone begins to form under the gum.
- The gums can bleed because they are inflamed. The plaque acquires a dark color due to iron salts contained in blood cells.
- The human body begins in the intensive mode to produce gingival fluid for washing periodontal tissue and suppressing pathogenic microflora. However, the minerals of the liquid are able to settle on the surface of tartar, which increases in size and gradually "goes into depth" under the gum.
Each of the above factors leads to the fact that the gum moves away from the tooth. The result is a periodontal pocket, which is pathological. Bacteria can easily pass into the blood stream of the mucous membrane, periodontal tissue. The level of gums is getting lower. Such vital activity of bacteria leads to the appearance of an unpleasant smell from the oral cavity. The combination of reasons for the development of gingivitis. Lack of treatment leads to periodontitis. The zone of the root of the tooth, which is covered with a stone by this period of time, is subjected to destruction. Periodontal fibers after all the above stages of development of the disease begin to actively die.
Tartar can lead to gingivitis, periodontitis, the emergence of various cardiovascular diseases, because pathogens penetrate into the bloodstream.
Determine the presence of tartar
If you are interested, was formed tartar, photo it is possible to look and verify with the education that has appeared in itself, but in reality this is not enough.
Visual inspection, which is held in front of the usual mirror, will determine the presence of plaque, presented in the form of spots of white, yellow or brown. Such plaque may appear in the interdental spaces, as well as on the inner surfaces of the teeth.
Causes of tartar removal
If the diagnosis was disappointing, and even understanding the reasons for the occurrence of such education, prevention turned out to be ineffective or was not done at all, you should worry about removing the stone. Prior to this, the risk of adverse processes persists.
So why sediment should be promptly removed? What changes after the procedure can be noted?
- The stone is a shelter for bacteria that have a negative effect on the digestive process and can lead to various diseases of the oral cavity, the gastrointestinal tract.
- The stone is able to form on the border of the tooth - the gums, going down to the hole. As a result, a pocket appears, which can be large and can lead to tooth loss.
- There is a risk of inflammation of the gums and their bleeding. This leads to an unpleasant smell from the mouth. In addition, there is a risk of tooth loss.
Methods of getting rid of tartar
In order to successfully deal with sediment and tartar, it is imperative contact an experienced dentist. Lime deposits at home can not be eliminated. By regularly visiting your dentist, you get good chances to avoid unwanted situations.
Manual Tartar Removal Method
This technique is the oldest, but it is almost never used. Previously, dentists used hooks and hammers to repel pieces of lime deposits. After this was carried out cleaning. The method is painful for patients, so preference is given to modern technologies.
Ultrasonic cleaning
Dentists can use special devices. for ultrasonic cleaning. Despite the fact that the deposits are eliminated, the effect on the tooth enamel is not carried out. All the symptoms that appeared before the procedure are a thing of the past. You can eliminate plaque, disinfect the subgingival cavity, clean plaque and gums. If the tartar is dense and there is a long time, first you need to use special means for softening, after which there is an opportunity for cleaning.
After ultrasonic cleaning it is necessary polish enamel to make the surface smooth, effective sediment prevention. The fact is that in the cracks of the tooth there are remnants of food, bacteria multiply. To strengthen the enamel used applications that contain fluoride, calcium. This procedure ensures the elimination of all microscopic cracks, the preservation of enamel.
Laser therapy
You can carry out laser therapy, which is one of the best techniques. After the procedure, which involves the influence of laser beams on the water molecules in the tooth deposits, you will be able to evaluate the best result. Purification is carried out without contact and requires a minimum of time.
Preventive measures
In order to keep the teeth in good condition, it is necessary to know how to carry out prevention, focused on understanding the causes of the formation of tartar.
It is extremely important to regularly visit an experienced dentist, because it is wrong to navigate through a photo of healthy teeth. Only diagnostic procedures will allow to understand the true state of affairs.
Remember to brush your teeth twice a day. In this case, the duration of such cleaning should be about three minutes. Try to regularly after the hygienic procedures to carry out the control, which involves wetting the cotton pad in iodine solution and holding them on enamel, near the edge of the gums. Brown patches signal the remaining bloom.
Remember what causes the formation of tartar and the importance of prevention. Let your teeth be irresistible and healthy!
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