A large number of people have different anomalies of the teeth. Nowadays, dentists can offer both adolescents and adults a number of ways to eliminate them, one of which is to use a bracket system.
An orthodontic device that corrects anomalies of tooth position on the alveolar process is called braces. Bracket system consists of an arc, which can be made of various materials, and locks, fixing this arc.
The arc is made in such a way that it tries straighten upno matter how it bent. That is, the briquette system pulls teeth into the correct anatomical position. This does not happen quickly, but the end result after such treatment is usually positive.
Modern dentistry offers ligature-free systems. In this case, braces are attached to the teeth using self-locking mechanism toSecurely fixes the entire structure.
Fix bite braces possible at any age. Since the children still have enough soft bone, the mobility of the teeth is quite easy and therefore the bite is corrected in a short period of time.
Content
Types of braces
Briquettes differ in the material of manufacture and method of fixation. Bracket systems from different materials practically do not differ in their functionality. Their dignity lies only in aesthetic qualities.
1. Metal braces simple in device, reliable and affordable. These are universal constructions, as they are suitable for adults and children. They are usually made of steel or nickel, and in case of allergies to these metals, they are made of titanium. Sometimes the patient asks for a briquette of gold. But this design has a high price. For children, you can make briquettes in the form of various figures.
Currently developed self-regulating braces, which are less likely to allow you to visit the dentist. They have a shorter period of adaptation and it is easier to care for them. It is more convenient for the patient to construct structures made of metal in combination with ceramics, since they are smaller in volume.
Advantages of metal bracket systems:
- have high strength;
- if not made of precious metals, they are inexpensive;
- even with prolonged wear do not stain tooth enamel;
- to care for them is quite simple;
- they are difficult to deform when chewing solid food.
A significant drawback of metal braces is the lack of aesthetic appearance.
In the photo you can see the patient's teeth before wearing braces and after removing them.
2. Ceramic Braces possess not only high durability, but also high esthetic indicators. On the surface of the enamel, they are almost invisible. They are fixed very firmly and do not detach from the teeth, even when the structure is overloaded. From food dyes ceramics not painted.
Since ceramics is quite fragile, the structures made from this material are not used to correct significant bite anomalies.
3. Sapphire Braces almost completely transparent, so the teeth are almost invisible. Make them from artificially grown crystals, harmless to the body. Addiction to sapphire crystal designs occurs quickly, so speech and discomfort do not cause disruption after a few days.
When wearing such devices it is not recommended to use very hard, sticky and viscous food.
4. Transparent braces or the Invisalign device are made in the form of transparent caps. Apply such devices only to correct minor violations of the bite. They do not irritate the gums, do not stain and are invisible to others when smiling or talking.
The main advantages:
- easy to clean;
- constant wear does not require;
- you can take them off before brushing your teeth or eating;
- aesthetic values are quite high;
- Do not irritate periodontal tissue.
Negative qualities:
- the process of treatment slows down, as there is no permanent impact on the teeth;
- used only for minor violations of the bite;
- Kappas are more expensive than conventional braces;
- they should be removed before meals and cleaned when reused;
- The material that is used to make splints can cause an allergic reaction.
5. Lingual briquettes installed by the language, so invisible even at close range. Make them from metals. Adaptation, during which speech and language suffer, can last from seven to ten days.
Such devices require perfect accuracy, so they are made by highly qualified specialists. If the front teeth are very short, then such braces can not be established.
Indications for braces therapy
- The crowding (proximity) of several teeth in a row.
- Deep bite, in which the upper teeth strongly overlap the lower.
- Excessive development of the upper or lower jaw.
- Cross bite.
- The gap between the teeth.
- Dystopia (curvature of the teeth).
Contraindications
- Caries.
- Defects of tooth enamel.
- Artificial crowns and multiple fillings.
- Allergic reactions to the materials from which the construction is made.
How are braces installed?
1. The dentist examines the patient, selects the bracket system necessary for correcting his bite, captures the original data. A patient undergoes an X-ray of the skull, an orthopantomogram, a photo of the face and teeth, a teleroentgenogram, and plaster models of teeth.
2. Fixing the buccal locks and orthopedic rings.
Most often, locks and rings are placed on the sixth and seventh teeth of both jaws.
3. Stage fixation.
- Before starting the fixation of the structure, in order to have a good overview of the oral cavity, the dentist installs a mouth gag.
- The surface of the teeth is treated with a jet of warm air.
- Tooth enamel is disinfected with a restorative compound.
- Braces are fixed with a bond (special glue).
Fixation can take up to an hour and a half. This is a painless procedure, before which it is recommended to eat, so that there is no excessive salivation.
4. Stage fixing orthopedic arc.
In the classical method, an arc is attached to brackets by ligatures. Self-ligating orthopedic arches are fixed without ligatures.
After fitting braces-the patient for some time may feel severe discomfort. This is due to the fact that the teeth are displaced by the arc. Therefore, you can take an anesthetic drug. After three to four days, the pain and discomfort will cease to bother.
Key recommendations
After installing braces, in order for the treatment to be successful, the patient must follow certain rules of care and certain restrictions.
- Observe oral hygiene by applying special fluoride-containing pastes.
- Special irrigator clean the bracket system.
- Use antibacterial and anti-caring rinses.
- Every three months, do a professional dental cleaning at the dentist.
- Do not eat too hot and cold dishes.
- You can not nibble and bite hard foods.
- To prevent the device from being colored, you should limit the consumption of coffee, tea and coloring products.
Photos before and after installation of these structures are presented at the end of the article.
The installation of braces is a serious interference with the development of the jaw, because during their wearing the bone tissue is rebuilt. A good specialist with the right approach, patient compliance with the instructions of the doctor and a positive attitude is a guarantee that orthodontic treatment will give a positive result and give a beautiful smile.