Among modern methods of strengthening the teeth, reducing their mobility and further loss, restoring areas of the periodontium, the method of splinting differs in the best efficiency.
This method represents the integration of a certain number of teeth that are susceptible to mobility in a block structure using a specially installed orthopedic apparatus, or, more precisely, tires. The method makes it possible to preserve the chewing function of the oral cavity, as well as an aesthetic smile. The most popular is to perform splinting the front or front of the dentition.
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Indications for splinting teeth
As a rule, this process is performed to correct mechanical deformations and postponed periodontal diseases. But there are other indications:
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the changed or non-standard location of teeth as a result of their deformation; - displacement or significant violation of the dentition;
- significant accumulation of solid particles in the root area;
- gum disease associated with bleeding;
- significant expression pockets gums;
- exposure of the tooth root.
Indications for splinting deals only with a dentist on the basis of visual inspection and results of radiography of the patient’s oral cavity.
Materials and types of splinting
Used tires are divided into two groups - fixed and removableEach type has a number of advantages and indications for installation. Removable systems are special caps and plates, which make it possible to connect a certain number of teeth, even with the condition of the absence of some of them, at the same time filling up the dentition.
And also the use of removable tires allows for repeated therapeutic procedures. During non-detachable splinting durable materials are used, which provide a more reliable, in contrast to the removable method, the fixation of the dentition.
It is for this reason that fixed systems are used most often during significant damage to the gums and strong mobility of the dentition to prevent damage to the periodontium and prevent overloads.
The disadvantage of the procedure can be attributed to the discomfort that the patient experiences from having tires for about 10 days after their attachment. In the role of materials of non-removable systems, as a rule, are used aramid fiber, polyethylene thread or fiberglass.
The choice of a certain material rests with the responsibility of the dentist after he performs the examination and takes into account the characteristics of the human oral cavity (degree of gum disease and tooth mobility, age, scale and presence of solid deposits, bite anomalies, used before treatment, and so on).
During the selection must be performed material biocompatibility condition with the patient’s natural tissue.
Description of types of splinting
Fiberglass tape. Splinting method using fiberglass tape began to be used in periodontics relatively recently, but has already managed to show itself as an effective way to combat the mobility of the dentition due to the aesthetics and reliability of the final result.
The installation process may vary for the lower and upper jaws. For the upper jaw, the installation consists of the following steps:
- Anesthesia.
- Execution of grooves about 2.5 mm in size from the inside of the dentition.
- Installing fiberglass into it.
- Filling with a composite substance.
- Shining for fixing fiberglass.
Into the eaten row, it is imperative to include both loose and stable teeth, as a rule, such are fangs (if front splinting occurs).
For the upper jaw, the process is carried out not only with a significant loosening of the dentition, but also during their upper divergence. The difference in the process itself is that the groove is made on the front surfaceand not on the inside.
If you want to install tires on the teeth located on the side, then the groove is performed on the chewing surface. Fiberglass splinting can be achieved firm fixation loose teeth, as well as the effect of reducing or even removing gaps in it.
When the need for fiberglass disappears, the tape can easily be removed, and the remaining groove just closes with sealing and does not reduce the aesthetic appearance. Other advantages of this method include:
- There is no risk of bone tissue atrophy.
- Preservation of the dentition with the neglected stage of mobility.
- Slight gum trauma during tire attachment.
- There is no need for depulping and grinding of the tooth (as with other methods of splinting).
- There is access to perform hygiene procedures in the oral cavity.
- The load is evenly distributed on the joint tooth row due to the reduction of gaps.
Cable-stayed way
The process itself is another rather popular tire installation option, but as a material of manufacture, a braided thread is used, which is made aramid fiber.
The advantage of this material is increased strength (by specific characteristic exceeds certain types of steel), as well as the best compatibility with its own tooth enamel.
In addition, aramid fiber is characterized by its property not to react with consumed products, or human saliva. Due to the second - cable-stayed method has gained popularity as the most physiologically effective and compatible.
Installation method also needs in making a groove, inserting into it aramid yarn and subsequent coating with a filling material. The advantage of the cable-stayed way are:
- invisibility to others and a high aesthetic effect;
- the termination of the subsequent increase in mobility (with the preservation of natural mobility);
- removal of unnatural gaps between teeth and even distribution of the load between them;
- the preservation of teeth without removing the pulp;
- no need to grind teeth;
- since the completion of the procedure is filling the grooves with a composite substance, the risk of caries in it is minimal;
- prevention of subsequent atrophy of the jaw bone;
- the possibility of dental procedures to perform additional prophylactic or treatment;
- the ability to perform full hygiene procedures in the oral cavity;
- maintaining the attractiveness of the appearance, as well as the functionality of the jaw;
- use as an alternative to the restoration and prosthetics of lost teeth;
- long positive effect.
Method used during jaw fracture
The result of a jaw fracture and other serious injuries and injuries is a high risk of tooth loss and a significant increase in their mobility. Moreover, there is a need to attach the jaw bones for their fusion.
To prevent these effects after a fracture is applied method of removable splinting, which consists in fixing the temporary structure until the time of tooth mobility and the jaw accretion.
The design can be made of hardening plastic or metal. There are such types of temporary systems:
- Two maxillary. Used for complex or double fracture.
- Single maxillary. It is used only for a linear fracture of the lower jaw without moving the particles with the possibility of their return to the original location if there are several healthy teeth.
- Splinting with expansion bend. It is used to fix the jawbone at the fracture site with several missing teeth.
- Splinting with hooks. It is used for attachment to the jaw during a fracture with an offset that cannot be replaced by a simple return, as well as during significant fractures.
- Smooth Used only for a simple fracture of the bones in the jaw.
The dentist himself decides on the choice of the necessary splinting system, taking into account the degree of fracture, the presence of healthy teeth and other factors. Sometimes possible installation of a combination systemFor example, a single-jaw design with hooks is used during an offset maxillary fracture.
How much is splinting
The cost of splinting may vary significantly, taking into account a number of factors, which include the materials used, the method chosen, as well as the specificity and extent of the problem (fracture complexity, the presence of remaining loosened teeth, and so on).
And also need take into account the cost of x-rays, as it is a mandatory process to determine the condition and quality of the oral cavity.
Moreover, some dentists require preliminary procedures, which consist in the manufacture of prostheses (during splinting with cusp prostheses or crowns), cast of teeth and some other manipulations.
The approximate cost of the process itself can be defined as follows:
- Splinting of six front teeth using fiberglass - approximately 7 thousand rubles.
- The same procedure for three teeth on the side - about 5 thousand rubles.
- The cost of clasp prosthetics is approximately 24 thousand rubles.
- Splinting with crowns is about 4 thousand rubles. for one unit (not including preliminary measures).
Tire Reviews
Many patients in dental clinics leave positive reviews about splinting, as an operation that contributes to the improvement of the periodontal condition and the fastening of mobile teeth. Does this procedure after removing braces or with periodontitis, using the cable technology or fiberglass - reviews, as a rule, only positive.
Very much afraid to do splinting! Teeth began to loosen - periodontal disease, everything is clear. But I am a young girl, and I thought that after this procedure my mouth would become just iron. As a result, I finally decided to go to the dentist - it turned out that today everyone is fastened with fiberglass, there are no traces. I was pleased!
For several years he wore braces, after which the dentist recommended me to perform splinting of loose teeth. Naturally, I agreed, who does not want his teeth to be even and beautiful.
I believe that splinting is necessary for every person to maintain a beautiful smile for a long time. Now there is no discomfort, bite leveled. I was satisfied with the procedure.
After braces for most people splinting is a necessary procedure to maintain alignment efficiency. Naturally, there are alternatives, for example, caps, but, as I consider, using splinting is much more convenient and completely unnoticeable.
Among the shortcomings I can only say about the slight complication of cleaning the gaps between the teeth, however, it is fully justified by a beautiful smile.
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